Information Systems and Technology

Today, most organizations in all sectors of industry, commerce and government are fundamentally dependent on their information systems. In industries such as telecommunications, media, entertainment and financial services, where the product is already or is being increasingly digitized, the existence of an organization critically depends on the effective application of information technology (IT).

Information System

An information system is comprised of all the components that collect, manipulate, and propagate data or information. It usually includes hardware, software, people, communications systems, and the data itself. The activities involved include inputting data, processing of data into information, storage of data and information, and the production of outputs such as management reports.

Support Role:

Information systems support business processes and operations by:

  • recording and storing sales data, purchase data, investment data, payroll data and other accounting records.
  • recording and storing inventory data, work in process data, equipment repair and maintenance data, supply chain data and other production/operations records.
  • recording and storing market data, customer profiles, customer purchase histories, marketing research data, advertising data, and other marketing records.
  • to implement, control, and monitor plans, strategies, tactics, new products, new business models or new business ventures.

    • Information systems often support and occasionally constitute competitive advantages. Information systems, like business environmental scanning systems, support almost all sustainable competitive advantages. Occasionally, the information system itself is the competitive advantage. One example is Wal-Mart. They used an extranet to integrate their whole supply chain.

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